![]() Based on these observations, Mendel proposed that something was being stably passed down, unchanged, from parent to offspring through the gametes, over successive generations.The contrasting traits did not show any blending at either F1 or F2 stage. Similar results were obtained with the other traits that he studied: only one of the parental traits was expressed in the F1 generation while at the F 2 stage both the traits were expressed in the proportion 3:1.The tall and dwarf traits were identical to their parental type and did not show any blending, that is all the offspring were either tall or dwarf, none were of in between height.The proportion of plants that were dwarf were 1/4th of the F 2 plants while 3/4th of the F2 plants were tall.Mendel then self-pollinated the tall F1 plants and to his surprise found that in the Filial 2 generation some of the offspring were ‘dwarf’ the character that was not seen in the F 1 generation was now expressed.He made similar observations for the other pairs of traits – he found that the F 1 always resembled either one of the parents, and that the trait of the other parent was not seen in them.Mendel observed that all the F 1 progeny plants were tall, like one of its parents none were dwarf.This generation is also called the Filial1 progeny or the F1. He collected the seeds produced as a result of this cross and grew them to generate plants of the first hybrid generation.Let us take the example of one such hybridisation experiment carried out by Mendel where he crossed tall and dwarf pea plants to study the inheritance of one gene.Mendel investigated characters in the garden pea plant that were manifested as two opposing traits, e.g., tall or dwarf plants, yellow or green seeds etc.Mendel conducted such artificial pollination/cross pollination experiments using several true-breeding pea lines.Gregor Mendel, conducted hybridisation experiments on garden peas for seven years (1856-1863) and proposed the laws of inheritance in living organisms.It was only during the mid-nineteenth century that a major headway was made in the understanding of inheritance.Variation is the degree by which progeny differ from their parents. Inheritance is the process by which characters are passed on from parent to progeny it is the basis of heredity.Nucleic acids – DNA and RNA | Recombinant DNA. ![]() Source|Credits|Picture Credits: NCERT Science Textbooks Class 6-12. Incomplete Dominance, Co-dominance, Inheritance of Two Genes, Law of Independent Assortment. ![]() Mendel’s Laws of Inheritance – Law of Dominance, Law of Segregation. ![]()
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